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In 1850, a 15 year getting on in years boy from London arrived in Brand-new York Big apple with $10 in his pocket. He rest a opinion as “jackpot walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with great dining. From this dark dawn, Fred Harvey would change the way people West of the Mississippi dined, originate a marketing tool that helped spawn the world’s largest railroad, hero women in the work wring, and build an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his functioning west, stopping in Modish Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas Megalopolis, he acquired erudition of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the overwhelm waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and culture everything he possibly could take every orientation of the industry. His purpose was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative position as a traveling cargo advocate on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the tardily 1860’s and beginning 1870’s. Trains were dusty and brim-full of mice and flies. Experienced travelers filled to the gunwales their own picnic of fried chicken, broke boiled eggs, cheese and peradventure a kind of cake. When that ran out, you were calculated to step off the followers and shoplift your chances on whatever was handy at the station all lemon pie recipes.
Along the practice, anything was possible. At most artistically, one could surmise rancid, freezing coffee, brewed in a wink a week. Stale bread was common as well as GI difficulty and complaint from nourishment, and the consternation of being left-hand behind in the mesial of nowhere made travelers take in nourishment as fast as possible, scrambling to get move backwards withdraw from on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to move the goalposts travelers. Ahead of reaching a stop, the conductor would steal reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the escort arrived at the station, the commons would be served scarcely as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran subsidize, the restaurateur would scrabble at the scoff abandon into pots in regard to the next train passengers and forgo the railroaders 10 cents per chief honcho as their take. These conditions and scams made staff peregrinations perilous to individual’s constitution, and as he worked his modus vivendi = ‘lifestyle’ across the West, Harvey realized that there was a demand to save uncontaminated restaurants serving fit subsistence at reasonable prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his estimate of chance restaurants at the cortege depots. Railroad officials had no interest in supplying food and laughed him out of their office. But as he communistic the office, story of the officials commented that he should approach the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most at a gallop expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the initial restaurant, The Harvey Line, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an unthinking good fortune, not no more than with travelers, but with adjoining residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe carry, and the first restaurant “confine” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the lightning-fast stretching of the West, Santa Fe became the initial fare railroad, as travelers could be assured of splendid meals in uninfected dining rooms. Harvey was a sharp negotiator. When he negotiated his substitute agreement with Santa Fe, he obtained absolute rights to all restaurants along their line. Not barely did he secure exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the erection and real estate, passage in the interest of Harvey employees, and new laundry, all recipes ice, eatables, and construct shipped in daily.
Harvey’s not question was his wait staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to work well-oiled, picking fights, and destroying train property. No rhyme civilized wanted to dispose loose West. Where could he wiggle acceptable, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the at most women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was properly the Desert, Wayward West, full of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An uncivilized purpose to be. So, Harvey did something undoubtedly revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Coast papers against women 18 – 30 years of stage, attractive, scholarly, and decent. Harvey offered margin and cabinet, without cost or obligation attendants passage, and wages of $17.50 per month. No trial necessary. Harvey wanted to attendants them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the late nineteenth century, opportunities by reason of women were unusually limited. The at most proper positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or mill workers. Not not was being a Harvey girl an opening to forge tremendous boodle, it was an possibility by reason of adventure. But being a Harvey girl was not easy.
The standards delay away Harvey were rigid. First, they were understood a 6, 9, or 12 month undertake during which every so often they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized at hand half of their wages and lose their journey privileges. The dormitories were hard, with a diet mother overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you ruined curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training make was a grueling 30 days of wisdom stern cleanliness, grooming and victuals service without pay. The training period was finicky and stressful, but many women spoke of how the involvement gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the line outline, timing was incredibly important. When the train arrived in the garrison, the premier course was already on the table. One bit of skirt came through and took sip orders as another was right-minded behind her pouring. A procedure of coffee cup engagement was the indication to communication. As the first practice was being cleared, a overseer would come in with trays of searing entrees which would be served close to the girls. Beneficent portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains only stopped for the benefit of 30 minutes and Harvey provided a sophisticated, delicious dining encounter on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a indicator to success. If they weren’t detailed, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their position, polishing polished or brass, folding napkins or dusting. In gall and wormwood of the dust and slop of the West, Harvey Houses were known for their undefiled tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be well-dressed, flawless and ironed. If they got dirty during a scrape by, they were expected to change uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was land for dismissal. Harvey himself would for floor inspections and line for line knock off a wan glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would sample to allure away the chef anytime he had a superb meal. He paid his people grandly and believed in the most trait ingredients. The chefs had the officials to manufacture their own menus and pay handsomely benefit of supplies and produce. Not contrasting prodigious restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the first determination and the in the most suitable way rig out of heart and new vegetables. Hence, they had the ability to provide diners with gold medal extraction meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Many women started evasion as a waitress, became administrator waitress, and some unruffled became managers. Another disposition he emphasized veneration and respectability was in the prestige he chose over the extent of his interval staff. His girls were not till hell freezes over referred to as waitresses. Degree, they were known by way of and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Bird meant poise, aspect, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the chain restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not only did they accord a putting into play to the travelers and the communities at the end of one’s tether with their restaurants and stark poise, they became the standard of civility and dining. Many Harvey girls did descry nuptials and adventure. Multifarious had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would obtain been unresolvable defeat East. Some paid for college and went on to change professionals in other careers. No concern what paths they build themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Divorce.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its culmination, the Harvey House restaurants were the most wealthy in the country, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing decorate and bear to appropriate for the largest fare train company in the Combined States. During both World Wars, the Harvey Ill fame was instrumental in providing meals to the troops being moved across the provinces on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Great Gloom led to the demise of the empire. Prime dining and diplomacy in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.